Mock test Set-3

Q1. Which of the following insects is typically used to estimate the postmortem interval (PMI) during the late stages of decomposition?

    A) Blowflies (Calliphoridae)

    B) Flesh flies (Sarcophagidae)

    C) Dermestid beetles (Dermestidae)

    D) Houseflies (Muscidae)

Answer: C) Dermestid beetles (Dermestidae)

Explanation: C) Dermestid beetles (Dermestidae). Dermestid beetles are often associated with the later stages of decomposition, when the body has dried out and remains are primarily bones.

 

Q2. In forensic toxicology, which technique is considered most effective for detecting and quantifying drugs and their metabolites in biological samples?

    A) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

    B) High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

    C) Immunoassay

    D) Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)

Answer: A) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

Explanation: A) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). GC-MS is a highly sensitive and specific technique for identifying and quantifying drugs and their metabolites in complex biological matrices.

 

Q3. Which skeletal feature is most reliable for determining the sex of an adult human skeleton?

    A) Skull shape

    B) Pelvic morphology

    C) Femur length

    D) Rib cage structure

Answer: B) Pelvic morphology

Explanation: B) Pelvic morphology. The pelvis is the most sexually dimorphic part of the skeleton, with distinct differences in shape and size between males and females.

 

Q4. What is the principle behind STR (Short Tandem Repeat) analysis in forensic DNA profiling?

    A) Sequencing entire genomes

    B) Comparing mitochondrial DNA

    C) Amplifying and analyzing specific DNA regions

    D) Detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms

Answer: C) Amplifying and analyzing specific DNA regions

Explanation: C) Amplifying and analyzing specific DNA regions. STR analysis involves amplifying specific regions of DNA that contain short, repeating sequences, which are highly variable among individuals.

 

Q5. Which method is used in forensic entomology to determine the age of insect larvae found on a corpse?

    A) Measuring the length of the larvae

    B) Analyzing the DNA of the larvae

    C) Counting the number of larvae

    D) Identifying the species of the larvae

Answer: A) Measuring the length of the larvae

Explanation: A) Measuring the length of the larvae. The length of insect larvae can provide an estimate of their age, which in turn helps estimate the postmortem interval.

 

Q6. In forensic ballistics, what is the purpose of the Integrated Ballistics Identification System (IBIS)?

    A) To trace the origin of gunpowder residue

    B) To match bullet casings to specific firearms

    C) To analyze the trajectory of bullets

    D) To detect the presence of gunshot residue

Answer: B) To match bullet casings to specific firearms

Explanation: B) To match bullet casings to specific firearms. IBIS is a database that stores images of ballistic markings on bullet casings and projectiles, allowing forensic experts to match them to specific firearms.

 

Q7. How is radiocarbon dating used in forensic anthropology?

    A) To determine the genetic ancestry of remains

    B) To estimate the age of skeletal remains

    C) To identify nutritional deficiencies

    D) To establish the cause of death

Answer: B) To estimate the age of skeletal remains

Explanation: B) To estimate the age of skeletal remains. Radiocarbon dating measures the decay of carbon-14 in organic materials, providing an estimate of the time since death.

 

Q8. Which of the following is a major challenge in interpreting touch DNA evidence?

    A) The abundance of DNA material

    B) The degradation of DNA over time

    C) The potential for contamination

    D) The presence of mitochondrial DNA

Answer: C) The potential for contamination

Explanation: C) The potential for contamination. Touch DNA involves small amounts of DNA left by skin cells, which can be easily contaminated, making it challenging to interpret.

 

Q9. What is the primary goal of forensic palynology?

    A) To analyze plant DNA

    B) To study insect colonization on remains

    C) To examine pollen and spores

    D) To investigate soil composition

Answer: C) To examine pollen and spores

Explanation: C) To examine pollen and spores. Forensic palynology involves the study of pollen and spores to provide information about the location and movement of objects or individuals.

 

Q10. Numerical aperture of a lens in a microscope is represented by

(A) 1/2 n sin θ

(B) n sin θ

(C) 2n sin θ

(D) 0.61 λ n sin θ

Answer: (B) n sin θ

Explanation: (B) Numerical aperture, or N.A., is a value that indicates the resolving power of a lens and is defined by the equation below.

n: refractive index of observation medium [e.g. n(air) = 1]
θ: angle between the optical axis and the light at the outermost of the effective diameter of the lens

N.A. = n * sin θ

Content creator:- Srishti Dutta