Questions Set-2: Forensic Biology

Q11. Which of the following formulae helps to determine the age of a foetus?

a.       Haase’s

b.      Getleri

c.       Lund-Browder’s

d.      Wallace’s

ANSWER:

a.       Haase's Rule

EXPLANATION:

 Haase's rule is used for the determination of the age of a human foetus or a newborn from its length. According to this, the body length in centimetres the first 3 to 5 months of the pregnancy corresponds to the square of the age in months, and in the second half of pregnancy the age in months multiplied by five.

Q12. The technique of ‘Portrait Parle’ was developed by which of the following scientist?

a.       Francis Galton, U.K.

b.      Alphonse Bertillon, France

c.       Francis Galton, Austria

d.      Alphonse Bertillon, U.K

ANSWER:

      b.  Alphonse Bertillon, France

EXPLANATION:

Portrait Parle is a French term referring to a picture of suspect in both front and profile views. This system is also known as Bertillon system or Bertillonage.

Q13. What is the term for the study of decomposition process in forensic investigations?

a.      Taphonomy

b.      Mycology

c.       Necrobiology

d.      Thanatology

ANSWER:

a.       Taphonomy

EXPLANATION:

Taphonomy is the study of what happens to organism after death, including decomposition, burial and fossilization.

Q14. Which technique is used to separate DNA Fragments based on their size in forensic DNA analysis?

a.      Gel electrophoresis

b.      Mass spectrometry

c.       PCR amplification

d.      Fluorescence microscopy

ANSWER:

a.       Gel electrophoresis

EXPLANATION:

Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments by size as they migrate through a gel matrix under the influence of an electric field.

Q15. Phadebas reagent is used for the detection of the following:

a.      Lipase

b.      Amylase

c.       Acid phosphatase

d.      Acid choline esterase

ANSWER:

   b. Amylase

 EXPLANATION:

Phadebas reagent is used to quantify amylase in all sort of samples. It is used as a presumptive test for saliva.

Q16. What type of cuticle scale pattern is found in human hair?

a.      Imbricate

b.      Coronal

c.       Spinous

d.      Ungulate

ANSWER:

a.       Imbricate

EXPLANATION:

Human hair typically has an imbricate scale pattern, where the scales overlap like roof shingles.

Q17. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of expirated bloodstains?

a.      Small, fine droplets

b.      Directionality indicating a source of exhalation

c.       Presence of bubbles

d.      Location primarily on vertical surfaces

ANSWER:

c. Presence of bubbles

EXPLANATION:

Expirated bloodstains often contain bubbles due to the expulsion of air from the respiratory system along with blood during exhalation.

Q18. Which of the following substances can be used to enhance bloodstain patterns on dark or multi-coloured surfaces?

a.      Luminol

b.      Hemastix

c.       Amido black

d.      Leuco-malachite green

ANSWER:

a.        Luminol

EXPLANATION:

Luminol reacts with the iron present in haemoglobin, causing bloodstains to luminesce, thus enhancing their visibility.

Q19. Which technique is commonly used to analyse the chemical composition of fibres?

a.      Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

b.      Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

c.       X-ray diffraction (XRD)

d.      Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

ANSWER:

a. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

EXPLANATION:

FTIR spectroscopy is frequently used in forensic laboratories to analyse the chemical composition of fibres by detecting characteristic absorption bands.

Q20. What is the term for the process of estimating the time since blood was deposited at a crime scene?

a.      Haematocrit analysis

b.      Haemoglobin determination

c.       Luminol detection

d.      Haemolysis estimation

ANSWER:

d. Haemolysis estimation

EXPLANATION:

Haemolysis estimation involves assessing the degradation of blood components to estimate the time since blood was deposited.

 

Author: Srishti Dutta